Distribution of labour force by status in employment
Last Updated: Dec 2007
Country or area    
   
   
Year
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Source
Algeria 2003
65.8
64.6
1.8
6.6
24.8
21.3
7.2
7.2
HS
Anguilla 2001 a
66.1
63.2
21.7
12.9
1.4
2.2
3.6
8
PC
Antigua and Barbuda 1991
82.5
77.9
2.5
5.3
12.8
14.6
0.9
0.7
PC
Argentina 2005 f
79
71.2
2.4
5.4
16.6
22.8
1.9
0.7
HS
Armenia 2001 n
86.8
76.1
...
2.2
11.8
18.5
0.8
1.1
HS
Aruba 1994
93.9
87.5
...
...
...
...
0.6
...
HS
Australia 2005 a
90.2
84.4
2.4
3.8
7.1
11.5
0.4
0.2
HS
Austria 2005
89.1
84.8
2.4
6.6
6.5
7.6
1.9
1
HS
Bahamas 2004 a
87.4
81.6
...
...
...
...
0.5
...
HS
Bangladesh 2003
13.3
13.8
0.2
0.4
24.5
50.6
48
9.9
HS
Barbados 2004 a
89.5
79.5
0.5
1.9
9.7
17.9
0.2
...
HS
Belgium 2005
87.7
82.5
2.3
6.5
6.6
10.7
3.4
0.4
HS
Belize 2005 h
73.9
66.9
4.5
8.4
17.2
20.9
4.3
3.7
HS
Bolivia 2002
26.5
38.5
2.2
6.8
36.4
41.6
34.8
12.6
HS
Botswana 2003 a, g
72
74.4
2.3
3.1
14.5
5
2.2
2.3
HS
Brazil 2004 f
65.5
60.9
2.5
5.2
22.9
28.4
9.1
5.4
HS
British Virgin Islands 1991
91.9
83.9
4
7.4
3
6.8
...
...
PC
Bulgaria 2005
88.8
83.1
2.3
5.2
6.5
10.5
2.2
0.9
HS
Burkina Faso 1994 f
1.4
5.8
...
0.5
11
40.2
87.3
52.2
HS
Cambodia 2001 f
13.6
19.1
0.1
0.2
32.9
49.1
53.3
31.6
HS
Cameroon 2001
8.7
29.3
1.1
2.1
60.6
54.9
27.2
9.5
HS
Canada 2005 a
88.6
80.9
11.2
19
...
...
0.2
0.1
HS
Chad 1993 i
0.8
8.8
0.1
0.3
53.6
76.4
44.4
13.2
PC
Chile 2005 a
74.6
67.8
1.7
3.5
20.5
27.3
3.2
1.4
HS
Colombia 2005 a, f
51.8
41.1
3.1
6.7
36.3
41
7.7
3.5
HS
Costa Rica 2005 a, g
73.1
70.5
4.3
9.2
19.1
18.7
3.5
1.7
HS
Croatia 2005
75.7
74.6
2.8
6.8
17.5
17.5
4
1.1
HS
Cuba 2004 q
91.6
73
...
...
5.5
19.2
...
...
HS
Cyprus 2005
83.9
71.3
2.1
11.5
9.2
16
4.8
1.2
HS
Czech Republic 2005
89.3
79.1
2
5
7.1
14.9
1.3
0.3
HS
Denmark 2005 m
94.7
88.6
4
11.2
...
...
1.3
0.2
HS
Djibouti 1991
78.7
75.4
0.4
2.1
15.3
17
...
...
HS
Dominica 2001
75.6
63.6
3.3
6.1
18.6
28.2
1.9
1.2
HS
Dominican Republic 2005 f
66.5
45.7
2.9
5.5
25.7
46
4.9
2.8
HS
Ecuador 2005 f
56.9
62.3
4.4
7.7
29.3
27
9.4
3
HS
Egypt 2004 a, i
49.3
58.3
4.7
20.5
13.9
11.8
32.2
9.4
HS
El Salvador 2004 f
41.3
64.2
2.8
5.3
37.6
21.3
7.7
7.7
HS
Estonia 2005 m
94.9
88.8
1.3
4.1
3.6
6.8
0.2
0.3
HS
Ethiopia 2005 a, f
6.2
9.3
0.2
0.9
24.8
54.8
68.5
34.6
HS
Finland 2005 m
91.5
82.2
...
...
...
...
0.4
0.6
HS
France 2005
92.5
86.2
2
6.2
3.9
7.1
1.6
0.5
HS
Gabon 1993
29.2
58.6
0.2
0.9
57.3
34.5
5.3
2
PC
Georgia 2005
34.5
34.3
0.4
1.6
25.8
44.7
39
19
HS
Germany 2005
90.6
85.3
...
...
...
...
1.9
0.5
HS
Germany, Federal Republic of (Western) 1990 a
90.8
87.9
...
...
...
...
...
...
HS
Greece 2005
68
60.8
4
10.5
16.8
25.4
11.2
3.3
HS
Grenada 1998
75.2
68.6
4.1
6.6
17.3
17.3
...
...
HS
Guatemala 2002 a, f
25.6
30.7
2.4
7
37
30.1
24.5
21.3
HS
Guyana 1992 h
52.9
52.2
...
...
...
...
3.6
10.1
HS
Honduras 2005 a, f
52.6
48.7
...
...
...
...
8.3
12.1
HS
Hong Kong, China 2005 a
93.3
83.2
1.8
6.8
3.5
9.8
1.4
0.2
HS
Hungary 2005 m
90.2
83
3.6
7.8
5.4
8.7
0.7
0.3
HS
Iceland 2005 a, p
91.3
79.2
2.7
7.6
4.4
12.7
...
...
HS
Iran, Islamic Republic of 1996
53.7
51.4
0.9
4
19.7
37.9
20.8
3.4
PC
Ireland 2005
92.6
75.3
2.4
8.1
4.1
16
0.9
0.6
HS
Isle of Man 2001
92.3
79.7
2.4
6.1
5.3
14.2
...
...
PC
Israel 2005 a
91.8
82.6
1.5
6.7
4.8
9.2
0.5
0.2
HS
Italy 2005
59.6
52.1
3
7
8
13.9
2.8
1.2
HS
Jamaica 2005 a, h
66.8
58.6
1.8
4
28.5
36.5
2.5
0.4
HS
Japan 2005
84.7
85
1.1
3.6
5.2
9.4
8.6
1.5
HS
Kazakhstan 2004
60.2
64.1
0.6
1.6
37.2
32.2
1.3
1
HS
Korea, Republic of 2005 a
67.1
66
3.5
10
15.4
22.8
14
1.3
HS
Kyrgyzstan 2004
48.7
48.4
0.8
1.2
28.3
40.1
21.8
9.6
HS
Lao People's Democratic Republic 1995 a, g
5.4
14.3
0.1
0.4
57
56.3
37.6
29.1
PC
Latvia 2005 m
90.4
86.5
2.3
4.5
5.3
6.4
2.1
2.5
HS
Lesotho 1997
43.7
32.4
0.5
0.7
52.7
65.1
...
...
HS
Lithuania 2005
85.4
80.8
10.7
17.1
...
...
3.9
2.1
HS
Macau, China 2005 a, h
93.4
85.9
1.5
6.2
2.7
7.6
2.4
0.2
HS
Madagascar 2003 a, e
12
17.8
1.7
2.5
33.7
49.2
51.9
29.7
HS
Malawi 1998 f
4.8
21.2
0.1
0.3
93
75.6
2.1
2.8
PC
Malaysia 2003 a, i
77.5
75.5
1.2
4.6
11.7
17.7
9.6
2.2
HS
Maldives 2000 g
28.8
21.3
1.1
4.5
35.1
54.9
3.4
1.3
PC
Mali 2004
11.4
15.2
78.4
66.4
...
...
10.2
18.4
HS
Malta 2005
94.1
82.7
2.2
5.6
6.5
11.2
...
...
HS
Mauritius 2005 a
84.1
78.6
1
3.4
10
16.8
4.7
0.9
HS
Mexico 2005 h
64.3
64.1
2
6.2
22.7
24.3
11
5.5
HS
Mongolia 2003 a
41.8
37.1
0.4
0.7
25.7
43.4
31.7
18.4
HS
Montserrat 1991
87.4
78.3
2.6
5.7
8.9
13.7
0.5
1.1
PC
Morocco 2005
31.6
39.5
0.6
3.2
11.2
31.5
55.7
22.8
HS
Namibia 2001
54.9
66.7
4.5
6.8
12.7
8.3
22
12.8
PC
Netherlands 2005
90.8
85.9
8.2
13.9
...
...
1
0.2
HS
Netherlands Antilles 2000
92
84
1.5
4.9
2.9
8.4
1
0.1
HS
New Caledonia 1996 h
89.1
80.5
10.4
19.3
...
...
0.5
0.3
PC
New Zealand 2005 a
86.6
77
4.3
8.4
8.2
14.1
0.9
0.4
HS
Nicaragua 2003
49.4
48.3
2.5
5.9
38.3
34.7
...
...
HS
Norway 2005 p
95.4
89.8
4.2
9.8
...
...
0.3
0.2
HS
Oman 2000 a
87.8
87.8
0.6
2
9.2
9.6
...
...
HS
Pakistan 2005 a, f
31.2
39.2
0.1
1
15.9
41.4
52.8
18.3
HS
Panama 2005
71.9
60.9
1.7
4.1
20.8
32.2
5.5
2.8
HS
Paraguay 2003
45.7
44.7
2.5
5.7
43.1
38.7
8.7
10.9
HS
Peru 2005 h
47.9
58.7
2.9
7.1
31.6
31.9
7
1.6
HS
Philippines 2005 a
49.7
50.8
2.4
5.9
29.2
34.5
18.7
8.9
HS
Poland 2005
76.9
72.1
2.8
4.9
13.3
19.2
7
3.8
HS
Portugal 2005
76.1
73.1
3.3
8.1
17.9
17.4
2.1
0.9
HS
Puerto Rico 2005 a, n
92
80.2
6.9
19.7
...
...
0.9
0.1
HS
Qatar 2004
99.9
98.7
0.1
0.8
...
0.5
...
...
PC
Republic of Moldova 2005
64.1
61.8
0.3
1.1
34.2
36.3
1.4
0.8
HS
Romania 2005
65.2
64.4
0.9
2.3
12.6
25.4
21.2
7.8
HS
Russian Federation 2005 l
92.7
91.7
1
1.5
6
6.3
0.1
0.1
HS
Saint Kitts and Nevis 2001
88.7
81.8
1.7
4.8
6.1
9.5
0.8
0.5
PC
Saint Lucia 2000
70.6
58.8
3.1
7.3
23.8
30.9
1.4
0.5
HS
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1991
79.4
71.2
3.3
6.8
14.5
19.8
2.7
2.1
PC
San Marino 2004
91.9
86.9
...
...
...
...
...
...
OE
Senegal 1991 f
7.5
14.4
0.1
1
58.6
51.7
32.4
25.3
HS
Seychelles 1987 g
85.9
78.5
1
1.4
5.1
13.9
...
...
PC
Singapore 2004
91.9
81.2
2.2
7
4.7
11.5
1.2
0.3
HS
Slovakia 2005
92.4
82.8
1.8
4.3
5
12.8
0.1
...
HS
Slovenia 2005
87.6
83.4
2.1
4.5
3.7
9.2
6.4
3.1
HS
South Africa 2004 j
80
80.2
...
...
18.8
17.9
1.1
0.4
HS
Spain 2005 n
85.4
79.2
3.1
6.5
8.6
12.5
2.4
1.1
HS
Sri Lanka 2003 a, f
59.6
58.5
0.9
3.6
18.6
34.8
20.9
4.2
HS
Suriname 1998 h
86.8
77.8
0.2
0.9
9.2
18.8
1.6
0.9
HS
Swaziland 1997 g
67.4
82.7
1.3
1.6
28.1
13.7
1.5
0.8
PC
Sweden 2005 o
94.7
86
...
...
...
...
0.2
0.2
HS
Switzerland 2005 a
86.6
81.9
3.3
9
7.3
7.8
2.9
1.3
HS
Syrian Arab Republic 2001 a
46.6
49.8
1.4
9.8
7.8
29.7
44.2
10.8
HS
Thailand 2004 a
42.9
44.5
1.5
4.3
24
36.4
31.4
14.7
HS
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 2005 a
75.9
69.2
2.9
7.6
4.6
16.8
16.7
6.4
HS
Trinidad and Tobago 2005
83
76.4
2.8
5.5
11.4
17
1.7
0.3
HS
Tunisia 1989
58.6
69
19.3
24.4
...
...
21.8
5.7
HS
Turkey 2005 a
43.8
57.8
0.9
6.6
13.6
28.5
41.7
7
HS
Uganda 2003 f, c
7.5
22.2
0.2
0.4
51.9
67.1
40.5
10.3
HS
Ukraine 2005 k
80.6
82.9
18.9
16.6
...
...
0.5
0.5
HS
United Kingdom 2005 n
92.2
82.4
7.3
17.3
...
...
0.5
0.3
HS
United States 2005 a, n
94.1
91.2
...
...
...
...
0.1
0.1
HS
Uruguay 2005 h, d
76
67.6
2.3
5.3
19.5
26.4
2.2
0.7
HS
Venezuela 2003
54.4
53.5
2.3
6.8
35.8
30.6
3.9
2
HS
Viet Nam 2004
21.2
29.8
0.3
0.7
31.3
50.7
47.2
18.9
HS
West Bank and Gaza Strip 2004
56.7
58.6
0.6
4.9
10.4
30.1
32.2
6.4
HS
Yemen 1999
13.8
50.7
0.4
2.7
23.6
33.4
0.3
0.3
HS
Zambia 1998 g
8.6
25.6
0.4
0.3
51.5
57.6
39.4
15.7
HS
Zimbabwe 2002
23.1
51
0.3
0.6
62.9
38
13.6
10.4
PC

Sources:

International Labour Office Table 3. Status in employment, published in Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM). Fifth Edition, CD-ROM version (ISBN 978-92-2-020126-8). Also available at: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/strat/kilm/ (accessed Oct 2007).

HS Household survey.
PC Population census.
OE Official estimate.

Footnotes:

... Not available.
a Refers to civilian labour force.
b Excluding persons on child-care leave.
c Excluding Pader and some parts of Kitgum and Gulu distric.
d Urban areas.
e Refers to age group 6+
f Refers to age group 10+
g Refers to age group 12+
h Refers to age group 14+
i Refers to age group 15-64
j Refers to age group 15-65
k Refers to age group 15-70
l Refers to age group 15-72
m Refers to age group 15-74
n Refers to age group 16+
o Refers to age group 16-64
p Refers to age group 16-74
q Refers to age group 17-60

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Technical notes:

The distribution of workers of each sex by status in employment is shown for employees, employers, own-account workers and contributing family workers only. These groups may not sum to 100 per cent, because members of producers' cooperatives and workers not classifiable by status are not shown.

The four groups are as defined in the International Classification by Status in Employment (ICSE-1993):

Employees are all those workers who hold the type of job defined as "paid employment jobs". Paid employment jobs are those jobs where the workers hold an explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contract that provides a basic remuneration which is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work. Some or all of the tools, capital equipment, information systems and/or premises used by the workers may be owned by others, and the workers may perform their duties under direct supervision of, or according to strict guidelines set by the owner or persons in the owners’ employment.

Employers are those workers who, working on their own-account or with one or few partners, hold the type of job defined as a "self-employment job" and, in this capacity, on a continuous basis (including the reference period) have engaged one or more persons to work for them in their business as "employee(s)". Self-employment jobs are those jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits (or the potential profits) derived from the goods and services produced (where own consumption is considered to be part of the profits).

Own-account workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or more partners, hold a "self-employment job" and have not engaged on a continuous basis any "employees" to work for them during the reference period.

Contributing family workers are those workers who hold a "self-employment" job in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household, who cannot be regarded as a partner, because their degree of commitment to the operation of the establishment, in terms of working time or other factors to be determined by national circumstances, is not at a level comparable to that of the head of the establishment. (Where it is customary for young persons, in particular, to work without pay in an economic enterprise operated by a related person who does not live in the same household, the requirement of "living in the same household" may be eliminated.).

 

(Source: United Nations Statistics Division)

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